SZK ⊆ AM

SZK is contained in AM.

Statement

Migrated verbatim from co-arthur-merlin § Known relationships:

  • : statistical zero-knowledge problems can be argued from both sides with Arthur-Merlin protocols — TODO citation.

Migrated verbatim from statistical-zero-knowledge § Known relationships:

  • SZK ⊆ AM ∩ coAM, so if AM = coAM then SZK ⊆ AM; in particular SZK does not contain NP-complete problems unless PH collapses

Notes

source: folklore: the claim carried no citation on the page it was migrated from, and none was invented.

class: unstated: no citing page says which notion of reduction is meant. Recording a class the wiki does not state would add a claim.

class: free because a containment between complexity classes is proved by any argument at all; the reduction-class axis does not discriminate here, and unstated would wrongly suggest the information is missing.

Recorded during migration and not fixed — these are claims about the source text, not changes to it:

  • Explicit ‘TODO citation’ on the page; Aiello-Hastad would be the standard source for this half.
  • SZK is written only as the \classSZK macro and is not wikilinked, though content/Complexity/statistical-zero-knowledge.md exists.
  • The two halves of the intersection have different original sources, which a single shared citation slot on the parent cannot express.
  • Uncited (Fortnow 1989 / Aiello-Hastad 1991); no reference page.
  • CONJUNCTION NOTE: the parent record is conjunctive:true because its conclusion was an intersection; at the sub-edge level there is one hypothesis and one conclusion, so conjunctive is false here — a conjunctive conclusion is not a conjunctive hypothesis set.
  • Written with Unicode ‘subset of’ and ‘intersection’ outside math mode although \classSZK, \classAM, \classcoAM all exist.